GUNMAPUSA Search

Kentucky Concealed Carry Permit

Kentucky allows permitless carry for non-prohibited adults 21+. A CCDW is still available and is what other states recognize.

Permitless carry is legal in Kentucky

A non-prohibited adult aged 21 or older may carry a concealed handgun without a permit (since 2019). YES - permitless ("constitutional") carry is in effect, and AT 21 OR OLDER NO LICENCE IS NEEDED AT ALL. KRS 237.109(1), read from the Legislative Research Commission's own statute PDF on 2026-09-15: "Persons age twenty-one (21) or older, and otherwise able to lawfully possess a firearm, may carry concealed firearms or other concealed deadly weapons without a license in the same locations as persons with valid licenses issued under KRS 237.110." Created by 2019 Ky. Acts ch. 10, sec. 1 (SB 150); the section still reads "Effective: June 27, 2019" and its history line shows no amendment since, on an LRC database that includes enactments through the 2026 Regular Session and was last updated 09/15/2026. Residency is irrelevant: an out-of-state visitor who is 21+ and not prohibited may carry concealed in Kentucky with no permit of any kind. AGE ASYMMETRY - THE SINGLE MOST CONSEQUENTIAL FACT ON THIS PAGE. Kentucky's permitless carry begins at 21 and NOT ONE DAY EARLIER. The figures are: permitless carry 21+; standard CCDW licence 21+; provisional CCDW licence 18-20 only. There is NO permitless route for an 18-20 year old. KSP's own Permitless Carry page says it flatly: "Persons under age 21 may be eligible to possess a firearm, but are not allowed to carry the firearm (or other deadly weapon) concealed in Kentucky." Since 15 July 2026 an 18-20 year old may carry concealed, but ONLY after obtaining a provisional licence under KRS 237.118. Carrying concealed at 18-20 without that licence is the offence of carrying a concealed deadly weapon - a Class A misdemeanour under KRS 527.020(10), or a Class D felony for a person previously convicted of a felony in which a deadly weapon was possessed, used or displayed - because the exemption in KRS 527.020(4) reaches only persons carrying "in accordance with KRS 237.109" (21+) or licensed under KRS 237.110. (KRS 237.118(3)(b) pulls a provisional licence into every statutory reference to a KRS 237.110 licence, which is what makes the provisional licence work as a KRS 527.020 defence.) 2026 SB 75, which would have amended KRS 237.109 and 237.110 to lower the age from 21 to 18 outright, died in committee (last action 01/15/26), so the asymmetry is current and deliberate. THREE AGE-NEUTRAL THINGS THAT ARE NOT CONCEALED CARRY, and so need no licence at any age: KRS 527.020(8) - a loaded or unloaded firearm in an enclosed container, compartment or storage space installed as original equipment by the vehicle manufacturer (glove compartment, centre console, seat pocket) is not deemed concealed on or about the person, locked or unlocked; KRS 527.020(9) - the section does not apply on real property owned or leased by you or your spouse, parent, grandparent or child (with the owner's or lessee's permission), or on property owned or leased by your sole proprietorship; and open carry, which KRS 237.109 does not govern at all. OTHER LIMITS ON PERMITLESS CARRY: KRS 237.109(2) does not authorise carry where federal law prohibits it; and the off-limits list in KRS 237.110(16) binds a permitless carrier exactly as it binds a licensee, because KRS 237.109 authorises carry only "in the same locations" as a licensee - police stations and sheriffs' offices, detention facilities/prisons/jails, courthouses and court proceedings, meetings of a county/municipal/special-district governing body or of the General Assembly or its committees, the portion of a licensed premises primarily devoted to on-site drinking, K-12 school facilities without the consent of school authorities under KRS 527.070, child-caring facilities, day-care centres and certified family child-care homes, secured areas of an airport, and anywhere federal law prohibits firearms. A CCDW licence remains worth having even for a 21+ adult: it is what other states recognise under their reciprocity rules, and per KSP only a valid CCDW licence substitutes for the NICS check when buying a firearm from a licensed dealer.

Getting the permit anyway is still worth it for most people: other states recognize the permit, not your residency, so without one you generally cannot carry across state lines.

KRS 237.109

There are 9 details on this page we could not confirm from a primary source. Read what they are before relying on this.

Requirements at a glance

Permit name License to Carry a Concealed Deadly Weapon (CCDW)
Issuing authority Department of Kentucky State Police (applications submitted through the sheriff of the applicant's county of residence, or electronically to KSP)
System shall-issue
Minimum age 21 — 21 for permitless carry (KRS 237.109) and 21 for the standard CCDW licence (KRS 237.110(4)(c), read today: "Is twenty-one (21) years of age or older"). 18-20 YEAR OLDS - PROVISIONAL LICENCE, NOW CONFIRMED IN FORCE. KRS 237.118 requires ("shall issue") the Department of Kentucky State Police to issue a PROVISIONAL licence to a person who is 18 but younger than 21 and who, notwithstanding KRS 237.110(4)(c), otherwise meets the criteria of KRS 237.110(4) and the requirements of KRS 237.110(3) - including the firearms training. RESOLVED THIS PASS: the LRC's codified text of KRS 237.118 states verbatim "Effective: July 15, 2026" and "History: Created 2026 Ky. Acts ch. 173, sec. 1, effective July 15, 2026", and the enrolled Act PDF (2026 Ky. Acts ch. 173 = HB 312) ends "Veto Overridden April 14, 2026." The August baseline could only infer 15 July 2026 from news coverage; it is now read off the statute itself, and the section appears in the Chapter 237 index as ".118 Provisional license". HOW THE PROVISIONAL LICENCE BEHAVES: valid throughout the Commonwealth; readily distinguishable from a standard licence (KRS 237.118(5)); valid until the holder turns 21 unless revoked or suspended; otherwise governed by KRS 237.110 (KRS 237.118(3)(a)), and any reference in the Kentucky Revised Statutes to a KRS 237.110 licence also means a provisional licence (KRS 237.118(3)(b)). Not less than 90 days before expiry KSP must mail the holder an expiration notice and a switch-to-standard application; the holder files it with the sheriff on paper or electronically with KSP, states that he or she remains qualified under KRS 237.110(3) and (4), and pays a fee PRESCRIBED BY KSP rather than set by statute (KRS 237.118(6)(c)3.) - and NEED NOT retake the firearms training (KRS 237.118(6)(g)). The standard licence is not valid until the applicant is 21. A holder who does not apply within 6 months of expiry must apply afresh under KRS 237.110 (KRS 237.118(6)(f)), and an expired provisional licence is void for every purpose except surrender in exchange for a standard licence (KRS 237.118(7)). LEGISLATIVE HISTORY: HB 312 passed the House 73-17 (01/23/26) and the Senate 30-7 (03/20/26), was vetoed by Gov. Beshear on 04/03/2026, and the veto was overridden on 04/14/2026 (House 81-18, Senate 28-9), the bill then being delivered to the Secretary of State as Acts ch. 173. HB 312 did NOT amend KRS 237.109, so permitless carry remains 21+. A separate 2026 bill, SB 75, would have amended both KRS 237.109 and KRS 237.110 to lower the age from 21 to 18; it died in committee (last action 01/15/26, to Committee on Committees (S)). Federal law separately bars anyone under 21 from buying a handgun from a licensed dealer, which Kentucky cannot change. PRACTICAL CAVEAT: as of 2026-09-15 no KSP CCDW page mentions the provisional licence and 502 KAR Chapter 11 contains no provisional-licence regulation - an 18-20 year old should telephone KSP or the county sheriff before relying on the route existing in practice, and must not carry concealed in the meantime. See uncertainties.
Training required Yes — up to 8 hours, live fire required
State fee $60 initial / $60 renewal — the state's own charge, not the total
Valid for 5 years
Processing time Statutory deadline, read from the raw KRS 237.110 PDF on 2026-09-15 (subsection (9)): KSP must either issue the licence or deny it within 60 DAYS of receiving a complete PAPER application, or within 15 BUSINESS DAYS of receiving a complete ELECTRONIC application. The sheriff must forward a paper application to KSP within 5 working days (KRS 237.110(7)(b)2.). A denial must be in writing and state the grounds; the applicant has 30 days to submit additional documentation, KSP must report the result of its reconsideration within 20 days, and the applicant may seek de novo review in the District Court of his or her place of residence within 90 days of the denial letter. KSP's CCDW home page says actual processing time varies with circumstances such as the background check, and DOCJT puts the background check at roughly three to six weeks. STALE AGENCY TEXT, RE-CHECKED TODAY: KSP's FAQ page still answers "How long does it take to process and receive my license?" with "The Kentucky State Police shall either issue a license or send a denial notice within 90 days" - a figure the current statute does not support. The statutory 60 days / 15 business days govern.
Fingerprints Not required
Non-resident permit Not available

What it actually costs

The state fee is rarely the whole bill. Fingerprinting is usually charged by a private vendor, training is bought from an instructor, and several states add photographs, notarisation or other requirements on top.

State fee $60
Training course $75–$250 (private instructor)
Electronic filing $70 — filing directly with the State Police costs $70; the $60 is for a paper application to the sheriff
Realistic total $135–$310

KRS 237.110(7) itemises the $60 exactly: $20 retained by the sheriff, $20 to the Kentucky State Police, and $10 each to the Administrative Office of the Courts for two separate background checks. No fingerprints are required. Training is required for the licence but not for permitless carry, and since 1 July 2025 two pathways qualify, so the course — up to eight hours, with live fire — is the only figure in this total that anyone has to shop for.

KRS 237.110(7), read from the raw LRC statute PDF on 2026-09-15: paper application filed with the county sheriff = $60 ($20 retained by the sheriff, $20 to KSP, $10 to AOC for youth-leader background checks, $10 to AOC for concealed-weapon background checks). Electronic application filed directly with KSP = $70 ($30 KSP, $20 to the sheriff of the applicant's county, $10 + $10 to AOC). Renewal fees are the same as initial fees ($60 paper / $70 electronic). Late renewal adds a $15 penalty (KRS 237.110(14)(c)). Duplicate/replacement license: $15 paper request, $25 electronic (KRS 237.110(12)). Currently certified Kentucky peace officers authorized to carry under KRS 527.020, and qualifying retired peace officers, are exempt from application and renewal fees. KSP's application page describes the $60 paper fee as $20 to the county sheriff plus $40 payable to the Kentucky State Treasurer. The fee for switching a provisional license to a standard license is set by KSP rather than by statute (KRS 237.118(6)(c)3.).

How to apply

  1. FIRST, CHECK WHETHER YOU NEED A LICENCE AT ALL. If you are 21 or older and not prohibited from possessing a firearm, Kentucky requires NO licence to carry concealed, in the same places a licensee may carry (KRS 237.109) - this is true for residents and out-of-state visitors alike, with no training, fee, application or waiting period. Apply for a CCDW licence anyway if you want carry rights recognised when you travel to other states, or a substitute for the NICS check when buying from a licensed dealer. If you are 18-20 you CANNOT use permitless carry: a provisional licence under KRS 237.118 is the only lawful way for you to carry concealed in Kentucky.
  2. Confirm eligibility. Standard licence: 21 or older (KRS 237.110(4)(c)). Provisional licence: 18 or older but under 21 (KRS 237.118(2)(a)), meeting every other KRS 237.110(3) and (4) criterion. Both routes additionally require that you are a U.S. citizen resident of Kentucky, a lawfully admitted non-citizen resident of Kentucky who is permitted by federal law to purchase a firearm, or an active-duty service member (citizen or lawfully admitted non-citizen) assigned at the time of application to a military posting in Kentucky (KRS 237.110(4)(b)); and that you are not disqualified under KRS 237.110(4) or 18 U.S.C. 922(g)/(n). There is no non-resident licence.
  3. Complete the firearms training - required for EVERY licence route, the 18-20 provisional licence included, and NOT required for permitless carry. Since 1 July 2025 KRS 237.110(4)(i) accepts either (a) a firearms safety or training course conducted by an instructor certified by a national organisation that was created to promote firearms education and that certifies instructors using written tests, in-person instruction and a live-fire component - the statute names the NRA, the USCCA and the NSSF, "but not limited to" - or (b) any firearms safety course offered or approved by the Department of Criminal Justice Training. A DOCJT course must be not more than 8 hours (that is a ceiling, not a floor), cover handguns, their safe use, care and cleaning and marksmanship principles, include actual range firing of not more than 20 rounds at a full-size silhouette with not fewer than 11 hits, and cover the firearms and use-of-force law in KRS Chapters 237, 527 and 503. DOCJT publishes a county-by-county list of roughly 1,700 active CCDW instructors and trainers. Note that KSP's own Qualifications and Application pages still describe only the DOCJT route; the statute is broader.
  4. Or claim a training exemption instead (KRS 237.110(6)): currently certified and qualifying retired Kentucky peace officers; current and retired federal, military and Coast Guard peace officers; qualifying current and retired corrections officers; and active or honourably discharged service members who completed military handgun training or qualification, proven by DD 2586, DD 214, CG 3029, DA 88-R, DA 5704-R, OPNAV 3591-1, AF 522, or an honourable-discharge document plus a notarised affidavit.
  5. Obtain the certificate of completion from the instructor, and obtain and read the DOCJT concealed carry deadly weapons legal handout - a signed statement that you read and understood it must accompany the application (KRS 237.110(4)(j)).
  6. Choose a filing route and pay. PAPER: complete the application at the sheriff's office in your county of residence (county of military posting for qualifying service members) and pay $60 - per KSP that is $20 to the sheriff plus a check or money order for $40 payable to the Kentucky State Treasurer, and an application without the $40 instrument is returned unprocessed. ELECTRONIC: apply through the KSP CCDW portal at https://ksprecords.ky.gov/ccdw and pay $70. Renewal fees are identical to application fees. Currently certified Kentucky peace officers authorised to carry under KRS 527.020, and qualifying retired peace officers, pay no application or renewal fee (KRS 237.110(7)(d)).
  7. Submit with the application: a recent colour photograph meeting the KSP size and appearance specifications (502 KAR 11:020 - no sunglasses, no hat, no attire obscuring a facial feature, hair or hairline); a photocopy of the training certificate or of the training-exemption documentation; and, if you are not a U.S. citizen, the KSP 131 Citizenship/Immigration Status Affidavit plus proof of lawful admission and of federal eligibility to purchase a firearm. The application is completed under oath - a materially false answer is prosecutable.
  8. KSP runs a state records check, a federal NICS check, and for non-citizens a federal Immigration Alien Query (KRS 237.110(3)). NO FINGERPRINTS are required: KRS 237.110(8) enumerates the submissions without them, and 502 KAR 11:010, the regulation that establishes the application form and procedures, requires none.
  9. KSP issues or denies within 60 days (paper) or 15 business days (electronic). A denial letter must state the grounds; you may submit additional documentation within 30 days (KSP answers within 20 days) and may seek de novo District Court review within 90 days of the denial letter.
  10. Collect the licence - paper applicants are notified when it is available at the sheriff's office. Carry the licence whenever you are carrying concealed and display it on a law enforcement officer's request; failure is a noncriminal violation with a $25 penalty payable to the clerk of the District Court, with no court costs (KRS 237.110(15)).
  11. IF YOU HOLD A PROVISIONAL LICENCE (18-20), switch to a standard licence as you turn 21. Not less than 90 days before the provisional licence expires, KSP must mail you an expiration notice and a switch application. File it with your county sheriff on paper or electronically with KSP, state that you remain qualified under KRS 237.110(3) and (4), and pay the fee KSP prescribes - that fee is set by KSP, not by statute. You do NOT retake the firearms training. The standard licence is not valid until you are 21, the sheriff destroys the provisional licence on issuance, and if 6 months pass after the provisional licence expires you must apply from scratch under KRS 237.110. Caution: as of 2026-09-15 KSP has published no provisional-licence forms, pages or regulations - contact KSP or your sheriff directly.
  12. Renew a standard licence within 5 years. KSP mails a renewal notice at least 120 days before expiration; renew through the sheriff or the KSP portal for the same fee. Renewing after the expiration date adds a $15 late fee, and no licence may be renewed 6 months or more after expiration - at that point it is permanently expired and you must reapply from scratch (KRS 237.110(14)(c)).
  13. Report a permanent address change, or a lost, stolen or destroyed licence, to KSP within 30 days - failure is a noncriminal violation with a $25 penalty. Use KSP 121 for a change of personal information and KSP 126 to request a duplicate; a duplicate costs $15 on paper or $25 electronically (KRS 237.110(12)).

Apply on the official Kentucky site

What disqualifies you

Where to get the required training

Kentucky publishes an official list of certified instructors. That list is authoritative — a certificate from an instructor who is not on it may not be accepted. View the official instructor list

Training providers in Kentucky

Businesses in our directory that offer firearms training. These are not state-verified as certified permit instructors — check against the official list above, or ask the provider directly.

All firearms training in Kentucky →

Reciprocity

Carrying into Kentucky

Kentucky recognizes permits from 48 other jurisdictions.

Alaska, Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming

34 jurisdictions honor a Kentucky permit

Derived from what each of those states officially publishes.

Alaska, Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, Nevada, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming

Official Kentucky reciprocity page Full reciprocity matrix →

Building your own in Kentucky

Build for personal use
Allowed
Serial number required
No

Kentucky law contains NO prohibition on building a firearm for personal use, and NO state requirement to serialize or register a self-made firearm. A full review of KRS Chapter 527 (the criminal weapons chapter), repeated on 2026-09-15 against an index marked "Includes enactments through the 2026 Regular Session" and last updated 09/15/2026, shows its offenses are: definitions (.010), carrying concealed (.020), defacing a firearm (.030), possession by a convicted felon (.040), possession of a defaced firearm (.050), forfeiture (.060), weapon on school property (.070), restricted ammunition (.080), fraudulent firearm transaction (.090), possession of a handgun by a minor (.100), providing a handgun to a juvenile (.110), and weapons of mass destruction (.200-.210). There is no section on manufacture, homemade or 3D-printed firearms, or unfinished frames/receivers. KRS 527.030 makes it a Class A misdemeanor to intentionally deface a firearm, and KRS 527.010 defines "deface" as to remove, deface, cover, alter, or destroy the MANUFACTURER'S serial number or other distinguishing mark — that prohibits erasing a serial number that already exists; it does not require a privately made firearm to bear one in the first place. KRS 65.870(1) bars every city, county, urban-county, consolidated/unified local government, special district, and local agency from occupying "any part of the field of regulation of the manufacture, sale, purchase, taxation, transfer, ownership, possession, carrying, storage, or transportation of firearms, ammunition, components of firearms, components of ammunition, firearms accessories," declares any such local ordinance null and void, strips sovereign immunity, and awards attorney and expert fees to a prevailing challenger — so no Kentucky city or county may impose a local ghost-gun or serialization ordinance. KRS 237.152 separately bars government lists or registries of privately owned firearms or their owners. A 2019 bill (HB 77) that would have criminalized additively manufactured/3D-printed firearms was introduced but never became law. CAVEAT: this conclusion rests on the ABSENCE of a state prohibition, not on an affirmative authorizing statute, and federal law still governs independently — the National Firearms Act, the Undetectable Firearms Act, the federal bar on manufacturing for sale or distribution without an FFL, ATF Final Rule 2021R-05F on frames/receivers, and the prohibition on a prohibited person making or possessing any firearm all continue to apply.

No Kentucky statute prohibits personal manufacture; see KRS Chapter 527 (no manufacturing offense), KRS 527.010 & 527.030 (defacing only), KRS 65.870 (state preemption of the field of firearm manufacture regulation), KRS 237.152 (no firearm registries)

Federal law, gunsmithing schools, and tools →

Statutes

What we could not confirm

  • KSP HAS PUBLISHED NOTHING ABOUT THE 18-20 PROVISIONAL LICENCE, TWO MONTHS AFTER IT TOOK EFFECT. KRS 237.118 has been in force since July 15, 2026, but on 2026-09-15 none of KSP's six public CCDW pages (home, permitless carry, qualifications, application, reciprocity, FAQs) contains the word "provisional" or any reference to KRS 237.118, and 502 KAR Chapter 11 still contains only the seven pre-existing concealed-weapon regulations, with 502 KAR 11:010 still reciting "RELATES TO: KRS 237.110" alone. The statutory duty is unambiguous and self-executing - KSP "shall issue", and KRS 237.118(8) makes regulations permissive rather than a precondition - but there may as yet be no application form or working process. An 18-20 year old should telephone KSP or the county sheriff before assuming he or she can apply today, and must not carry concealed in the meantime.
  • KSP'S OWN PAGES CONTRADICT THE CURRENT STATUTE IN TWO PLACES, AND THE STATUTE GOVERNS. (a) The Qualifications and Application pages say the training course must be one "offered or approved by the Department of Criminal Justice Training", omitting the NRA/USCCA/NSSF-style national-organisation pathway that KRS 237.110(4)(i) has permitted since 1 July 2025. (b) The Permitless Carry page states flatly that "Persons under age 21 may be eligible to possess a firearm, but are not allowed to carry the firearm (or other deadly weapon) concealed in Kentucky", which was correct until 15 July 2026 but no longer accounts for the KRS 237.118 provisional licence. I relied on the codified statutes rather than the agency's reproduction of them in both cases.
  • WHETHER LIVE FIRE IS REQUIRED UNDER THE NATIONAL-ORGANISATION TRAINING PATHWAY. KRS 237.110(4)(i) spells out applicant live fire - not more than 20 rounds at a full-size silhouette, not fewer than 11 hits - only for the DOCJT-offered or DOCJT-approved course. For the alternative pathway the statute's live-fire language describes what the certifying national organisation's INSTRUCTOR-certification programme must include ("conduct a program which certifies firearms instructors and includes the use of written tests, in person instruction, and a component of live-fire training"), not what the applicant's own class must include. I set liveFireRequired to true because live fire is unambiguously required on the DOCJT track and is standard practice on the NRA/USCCA/NSSF track, but the statutory text does not clearly compel applicant live fire under the national-organisation route.
  • MINIMUM TRAINING HOURS. The statute caps the DOCJT course at "not more than eight (8) hours" and sets no floor, and prescribes no hour figure at all for the national-organisation pathway. There is therefore no statutory minimum number of hours, and "up to 8" is the accurate characterisation rather than a duration anyone is guaranteed. News coverage of HB 312 described an "eight-hour" course for 18-20 year olds, but the Act only cross-references KRS 237.110(4) and imposes no separate hour requirement.
  • RECOGNITION OF DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA AND U.S. TERRITORY LICENCES, AND THE DERIVED SHAPE OF reciprocity.honors. KRS 237.110(20)(a) recognises a licence "issued by another state of the United States". The District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands and American Samoa are not states, and neither the statute nor KSP's reciprocity page addresses inbound recognition of their licences, so I excluded them rather than guess. Because Kentucky's recognition is blanket rather than an enumerated agency list, the honors array is derived: the other 49 states minus Vermont, which issues no concealed carry licence for Kentucky to recognise. In practice this matters mainly to 18-20 year old visitors, since KRS 237.109 lets any non-prohibited person 21 or older carry concealed in Kentucky with no permit at all.
  • KSP FAQ INCONSISTENCY ON PROCESSING TIME, RE-CONFIRMED TODAY. The KSP FAQ page still answers "How long does it take to process and receive my license?" with "The Kentucky State Police shall either issue a license or send a denial notice within 90 days", which conflicts with the KRS 237.110(9) deadlines of 60 days (paper) and 15 business days (electronic). I reported the statutory deadlines and treat the FAQ figure as stale text, but I could not get KSP to confirm which it actually works to, and the practical wait may well exceed 15 business days for an electronic filing.
  • INSTRUCTOR REGISTRY URL. DOCJT publishes a county-organised PDF list of roughly 1,700 active CCDW instructors and trainers; the copy linked on 2026-09-15 was still CCDW-Instructors-Trainers_260723.pdf (dated 2026-07-23, the same file the August pass found), but the filename changes with each revision and the file is served from Squarespace CDN storage. instructorRegistryUrl therefore points at the stable DOCJT CCDW landing page rather than at a direct PDF link that will break.
  • TRAINING COST RANGE IS AN ESTIMATE, NOT A PRIMARY-SOURCE FIGURE. Neither KSP nor DOCJT publishes what a private CCDW class costs - instructors set their own prices - so costs.training ($75-$250) and the derived estimatedTotal are carried forward from the baseline as a market estimate. Only the $60 paper / $70 electronic state fee, the $15 late-renewal fee and the $15 paper / $25 electronic duplicate fee are statutory.
  • HOME MANUFACTURE IS AN ABSENCE-OF-LAW CONCLUSION. Kentucky has no statute affirmatively authorising personal firearm manufacture; the conclusion that it is lawful rests on the absence of any prohibition in KRS Chapters 237 and 527 plus the local-preemption statute KRS 65.870, whose subsection (1) expressly occupies "the field of regulation of the manufacture ... of firearms". I re-read the complete Chapter 527 and Chapter 237 section indexes on 2026-09-15 - both marked "Includes enactments through the 2026 Regular Session", KRS database last updated 09/15/2026 - and found no manufacturing, homemade-firearm, 3D-printed-firearm, unfinished-receiver or serialisation provision, but I did not full-text search every other KRS chapter and I did not review Kentucky case law. Federal law (the NFA, the Undetectable Firearms Act, ATF Rule 2021R-05F, the bar on unlicensed manufacture for sale, and the prohibition on a prohibited person making a firearm) applies independently and is not reflected in the selfManufactureAllowed flag.

Sources